Question

Find out the anti colonial movement on Kenya compare and contrast India national movement with the ways in which Kenya became independent

Answer 1

1)  Nationalism in India was purely based on non – violence efforts and principles of Mahatma Gandhi who advocated mass movements through non – cooperation, civil disobedience, boycott, hartals, etc

 2)  But, Kenyan situation was entirely different as the Mau Mau movement of Kenya was a murderous bunch of thugs. As the fight for freedom grew, the Kikuyu formed secret societies which united with one objective, to break British rule

3) These societies encouraged oath taking ceremonies which bound the participants to wage war against Europeans and any Africans who were thought to be collaborators.

4)  Thus, Kikuyu dominated Mau Mau organisation was formed and Kenya’s struggle was a ‘war of liberation’ and moreover it is a terrorist campaign run by Mau Mau.

5)  In Kenya, the Mau Mau went over for a long period of time, and British were forced to take extreme steps like identification of accused and conducting secret trials, suspension of civil rights, etc

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Answer 2

Answer:

India came under British dominance in 1757, when the East India Company established its headquarters in Calcutta, present day Kolkata. In 1858, the East India Company was replaced by the British Government and Indians became subjects of the British Crown. Even though there were several sporadic armed movements against the British, it was the great Mahatma Gandhi, a practitioner and preacher of non-violence, who won independence for us. India's independence was won through peaceful and non-violent mass movements and civil disobedience. The best fruit of freedom for Indians has been its vibrant democracy.

Kenya virtually came under British rule in 1895 when the East African Protectorate was formed, but was officially declared a colony in 1920. The Mau Mau Uprising between 1952 and 1956 was the first serious fight against oppression. However, the leader of the armed movement, Jomo Kenyatta, was arrested immediately; in 1956, the other leader, Dedan Kimathi, was captured. The movement died out soon after. In 1957, election to the Legislative Council was held for the first time. The members of the council continually demanded that Kenyatta be released. Eventually, Kenya became independent on 12th December, 1963 and Jomo Kenyatta became the first Prime Minister. In 1966, the single opposition party, left-leaning KPU was banned and its leader arrested; tragically, the aconstitution was amended, Kenyatta became President and single-party rule was established.