Question

Find the products using properties of whole numbers : (1) 85 x 735 (ii) 2,030 x 601 (iii)4,385 x 290​

Answer 1

Step-by-step explanation:

Properties of multiplication:

Closure property:

For any two whole numbers a and b,their product ax b is always a whole number.

E.g. 12 x 7 = 84, 12, 7 and 84 all are whole numbers.

Commutative property:

For any two whole numbers a and b, a a x b = b x a Order of multiplication is not important.

E.g 11 x 6 = 66 and 6 x 11 = 66

Therefore, 11 x 6 = 6 x 11

Associative property:

For any three whole numbers a, b and c, (a x b) x c = a x (b x c), this means the product is regardless of how grouping is done.

E.g 8 x (4 x 5) = 8 x 20 = 160; (8 x 4) x 5 = 32 x 5 = 160

Therefore, 8 x (4 x 5) = (8 x 4) x 5

We can explain the associative property with the help of following example

Count the number of dots in figure (a) and figure (b)

In figure (a), there are 2 rows and 2 columns which means 2 x 2 dots in each box. So the total number of dots are (2 x 2) x 3 = 12

In figure (b), there are 3 rows and 2 columns which means 3 x 2 dots in each box. So the total number of dots are 2 x (3 x 2) = 12

This explain the associative property of multiplication.

Multiplicative identity:

For any whole number a, a x 1 = a Since any number multiplied by 1 doesn’t change its identity hence 1 is called as multiplicative identity of a whole number. E.g. 21 x 1 = 21

Multiplication by zero:

For any whole number a, a x 0 = 0,

E.g 25 x 0 = 0

Distributive property of multiplication over Addition:

This property is used when we have to multiply a number by the sum.

For any three whole numbers a, band c a × (b + c) = a × b + a × c

In order to verify this property, we take any three whole numbers a, b and c and find the values of the expressions a × (b + c) and a × b + a × c as shown below:

Find 3 × (4 + 5).

In this case either you can add the numbers 4 and 5 and then multiply them by 3

3 × (4 + 5) = 3 × 9 = 27

OR you can multiply each addend by 3 and then add the products

3 × 4 + 3 × 5 = 12 + 15 = 27

Therefore, 3 × (4 + 5) = 3 × 4 + 3 × 5

Questions:Find using distributive property : (a) 728 × 101 ( 504 x 35

Solution:

728 x 101 = 728 x (100 + 1) = 72800 + 728 = 73528

504 x 35 = ( 500 + 4) x 35 = 500 x 35 + 4 x 35 = 17500 + 140 = 17640

Match the following:

425 × 136 = 425 × (6 + 30 +100)

2 × 49 × 50 = 2 × 50 × 49

(i) Commutativity under multiplication

(ii) Commutativity under addition

(iii) Distributivity of multiplication over addition

Answer 2

Answer:

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