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Answers
Answer:
Explanation:Nutrients in your Food
Most food items, usually, have more than one nutrient. The major nutrients in our food are named carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals. In addition, food contains dietary fibres and water which are also needed by our body. It is important to eat a wide range of food in order to stay healthy.
Nutrients are essential to perform all daily and metabolic activities. Below are the nutrients needed in our daily life.
Carbohydrates, Fats and Proteins
Carbohydrates mainly provide energy to our body. Fats also give us energy. In fact, fats give much more energy as compared to the same amount of carbohydrates.
Foods containing fats and carbohydrates are also called ‘Energy Giving Foods’. Proteins are needed for the growth and repair of our body. Carbohydrates, Fats and Protein are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
Rich Sources of Carbohydrates
Rice, Potato, Banana, Papaya, Melon and Maize, etc.
Rich Sources of Proteins
Soyabeans, Gram, Dal, Peas, Fish and Meat, etc.
Rich Sources of Fat
Groundnuts, Milk, Butter, Cheese, Oils, Ghee, Egg, etc.
Minerals
Minerals are needed by our body in small amounts. Each one is essential for proper growth of body and to maintain good health. These are obtained from table salt, green vegetables and fruits.
Some important minerals are:
Calcium
Required for strengthening bones and teeth, blood clotting and muscle contraction.
Rich sources: Milk, meat, eggs, fish, pulses, vegetables, etc.
Phosphorus
Required for strengthening bones and teeth, for production of ATP during cellular respiration, and conduction of nerve impulses.
Rich sources: Milk, meat, eggs, fish, pulses, vegetables, etc.
Iron
Required for forming haemoglobin.
Rich sources: Green leafy vegetables, liver, etc.
Iodine
Required for proper working of thyroid.
Rich sources: Vegetables, mineral water and iodised salt.
Vitamins
Vitamins are organic components in food that are needed in very small amounts for growth and for maintaining good health. There are two types of vitamins: fat soluble and water soluble.
Fat soluble vitamins are stored in fat tissues and liver in our body. Vitamins A, D, E, and K are all fat-soluble vitamins. Water soluble vitamins don't get stored as much in the body. Instead, they travel through bloodstream. Vitamin C and vitamin B complex vitamins are water soluble vitamins.
Vitamin A
Promotes growth, vision.
Sources: Butter, egg yolk, milk, carrot, etc.
Vitamin D
Helps the body to absorb calcium and phosphorus to form bones and teeth.
Sources: Fish liver oils, milk, eggs, etc.
Vitamin E
Prevents the oxidation of vitamin A.
Sources: Meat, milk, whole wheat, etc.
Vitamin K
Helps in clotting of blood during injuries.
Sources: Cabbage, spinach, leafy vegetables.
Vitamin B Complex