Question

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Answer 1

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The pressure exerted by a liquid is small just under the surface of the liquid. But as we go we deeper in a liquid the pressure of liquid increases.As the depth of liquid increases the weight of liquid column pushing down from above increases and hence the pressure also increases.

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Answer 2

From this diagram you can see than as we go downwards:

The liquid column increases

And the increase in liquid pressure can be see by the distance the water rushes out through the hole.

The force depends on mass of water above the level of hole ( m) and the gravity (g)

F= mg

We all know g is a constant

As mass increases the force increases

Pressure = force × area

In this case the area is constant ( area of the cylinder)

So pressure only varies with the liquid column

Hope this helps