Forest fire produces a lot of air pollution. Write in brief, about the reasons of forest fires.
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Answer:
In India, about 55 per cent of the forest area, which is predominantly covered by deciduous forests, is prone to fires every year causing loss of about Rs. 440 crores (approximately 104 million dollars). It is estimated that proportion of forest areas, prone to forest fires annually ranges from 33 per cent in some of the states to over 90 per cent in other (FSI 1987). Despite the natural fires, the major sources of forest fires in India are anthropogenic, which include shifting cultivation practices, controlled burning, deforestation, fire wood burning and others.
Besides conventional methods of fire control systems like fire line, fire watch tower, block lines and other manual fire control systems, application of remote sensing with GIS is also used to address the problem with good scientific and technical strength in a time effective and cost effective way.
Forest fires in the country area mostly experienced during summer months from April to June. The extent and type of fire varies from state to state based on type of forest as well as climatic conditions like prolonged spell of dry conditions or delay in arrival of monsoon, etc. Forest fires not only causes loss of biodiversity, loss of valuable timber, degradation of natural forests and water catchment areas but also result in depletion of carbon sinks, reduction in water table level, global warming, ozone layer depletion and also loss of agricultural production.