Question

Forest play an important role in the Ecology and economy of India discuss

Answer 1

Forest play an important role in the economy and ecology of india as follows-

1. Lush green forests make a huge eco system of the country.

2. Forests contribute to the ecology and it gives many fruits and animals.

3.The country which is having a vast variety of forest will surely have a vast variety of flora and fauna.

Answer 2

1) Forests maintain ecological balance in the following ways:

Woody vegetation protects the soil better and lasts longer than annual plants.the shade it provides facilitates ecosystem metabolismForests have an important ecological function in fixing and storing carbon from the atmosphereForests influence the local and probably global climates.Tree roots enhance soil porosity, reduce compaction, and facilitate infiltration

2) The harmful effects of Deforestation 

The Top Five Causes of Deforestation
There are many different causes for deforestation and they vary widely from location to location. The top 5 include logging (both legal and illegal), industrialization, agriculture, oil exploitation and human disasters. All can be tackled but it is unlikely we will ever get rid of deforestation altogether but as long as we replace what is lost and manage the vast majority of forests sustainably we can solve the problem and prevent forests shrinking further and perhaps even allow areas to be planted in order to bring back what has already been lost. Well-managed woodlands can actually grow whilst supplying timber on a commercially viable scale.

Forest fires can be started naturally or deliberately and are becoming more common as temperatures rise. Large areas can go up in flames very quickly threatening not only forests but also crops and homes nearby. Education may help in teaching people not to start fires in vulnerable areas and forest fire fighting equipment and expertise will help to put out these fires quickly and reduce the amount of damage. Many areas recover quickly from fire as seeds and some plants and animals have natural defense mechanisms that protect them during fires. This recovery can be aided by replanting and leaving the areas surrounding untouched allowing the plants and animal to recover and recolonize.

Illegal logging is difficult to tackle yet governments need to have legislation and effective means of enforcing that legislation in order to protect their forests and natural resources. In countries that are struggling with these issues outside help and cooperation maybe needed if possible. 

Legal logging need to be tightly monitored to ensure it is done in a sustainable and environmentally friendly way as possible ensuring that workers and those who protect the forests are paid a decent wage. Money can also be raised through tourism to these beautiful and diverse places. Again the right legislation and enforcement is required, though this is difficult to achieve in some places it should be worked towards if possible. Ideally a balance will be struck between supplying what is needed and protecting the habitat for wildlife. This is possible through sustainable management and replanting programs. 

The need of land for agriculture, industrial and living purposes is an ever-increasing pressure on wild areas and forests and a major contributor to deforestation. This is one issue that is not easily resolved. Again a balance needs to be struck between the need to have and preserve a certain amount of forested land and development. Ultimately we have to accept that the planet can only support and physically have room for a certain number of people and the expansion in our numbers cannot and will not go on forever.