Question

forest society and colonialism question and answer

Answer 1

Question.1 What is deforestation ? [CBSE 2015]
Answer. The disappearance of forests is referred to as deforestation.

Question.2 How was increasing population responsible for deforestation ?
Answer. As population increased over the centuries and demand for food went up,peasants
extended the boundaries of cultivation, clearing forests and breaking new land.

Question.3 Mention the impact of the disappearing Oak forests in England.
Answer. Disappearing Oak forests created a problem of timber supply for the Royal Navy.

Question.4 Why were railways essential for the colonial government ?
Answer. Railways were essential for the colonial trade, and for the movement of imperial troops.

Question.5 ‘The ship industry of England was also responsible for deforestation in India’. Give one reason.
Answer. Due to the high demand, oak forests in England were disappearing. This created i a problem of timber supply for the Royal
Navy which required to build ships. To get the supply of oak for the ship industry,
Britishers started exploring Indian forests
on a massive scale.

Question. 6 How far the plantation agriculture was responsible for deforestation in India?
Answer.

Large areas of natural forests were cleared to make way for tea, coffee and rubber plantations to meet Europe’s growing need for these commodities.The colonial government took over the forests, and gave vast areas to European planters at cheap rates. These areas were enclosed and cleared of forests, and planted with tea or coffee.

Question.7 Who was Dietrich Brandis ? Why he was invited to India ?
Answer. Dietrich Brandis was a German expert. He was made the first Inspector General of Forests in India.
He was invited to India by the Britishers to save the Indian forests.

Question. 8 Who set up the Indian Forest Service in India ? [CBSE 2015]
Answer. Dietrich Brandis.

Question.9 When was the Imperial Forest Re¬search Institute set up in Dehradun?
Answer. 1906.

Question.10 What was scientific forestry ?
Answer. In scientific forestry, natural forests which had lots of different types of trees were cut down. In their place, one type of free was planted in straight rows. This is called as plantation. Forest officials surveyed the forests, estimated the area under different types of trees, and made working plans for the forest management. They planned how much of the plantation area to cut every year. The area cut was then to be replanted so that it was ready to be cut again in some years.

Question.11 Name the Act which was enacted to protect the forests.
Answer. The Indian Forest Act, 1865.

Question.12 Name the categories of forests under the 1878 Forest Act.
Answer.

 Reserved forests.Protected forests.Village forests.

Question.13 What were reserved forests ?
Answer. These were the best forests which produced commercially valuable timber. No individual was allowed to access to these forests.

Question.14 What were forest villages ?
Answer. The villages which were allowed to stay on in the reserved forests on the condition that worked free for the forest department in cutting and transporting trees, and protecting the forest from fires were called the forest villages.

Question.15 What was the basic cause of the rebellion in the forest of Bastar ?
Answer. Reservation of two-thirds of the forests.