Question

Formation of NaCl by transfer of electron

Answer 1

• NACl - NA + Cl
• NA     - NA positve ion
• Cl       - Cl negative ion

• An electron transfers from the Na atom to the Cl atom: ... Ionic bonds are caused by electrons transferring from one atom to another. In electron transfer, the number of electrons lost must equal the number of electrons gained. We saw this in the formation of NaCl.

                                                                                                               

• #BE BRAINY

Answer 2

Heya friend,

Here is it :

1. Sodium atom has one electron in it's outermost shell. If it loses the electron from it's 'M' shell then it's 'L' shell becomes the outermost one which is having a stable electron.

2. The nucleus of this atom still has 11 protons but number of electrons has become 10, so there is a net positive charge giving us a sodium cation $Na^{+}$ .

3. On the other hand, chlorine has 7 electrons in it's outermost shell and it requires more electron to complete it's octet.

4. After gaining an electron, the chlorine atom gets a unit negative charge because it's nucleus has 17 protons and there are 18 electrons in it's 'K' , 'L' and 'M' shells. This gives us a chlorine anion $Cl^{-}$ .

5. So both these elements can have a give - and - take relation between them as follows :-

                                  Na ⇒ $Na^{+}$ +  $e^{-}$

                               2,8,1      2,8 (sodium cation)

                                Cl +   $e^{-}$ ⇒ $Cl^{-}$

                            2,8,7              2,8,8 (sodium anion)

Refer the image for give - and - take relation between these atoms.

6. Sodium and chloride ions, being oppositively charged, attract each other and are held by strong electrostatic forces of attraction to exist as NaCl.

Thanks,

Manav