formation of tenses in English
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Answer:
Active Voice. Indicative Mode. Present
I come. I walk. I go.
Present Perfect
I have come. I have walked. I have gone.
Past
I came. I walked. I went.
Past Perfect
I had come. I had walked. I had gone.
Future
I shall come. I shall walk. I shall go.
Future Perfect
I shall have I shall have I shall have come. walked. gone.
Subjunctive Mode. Present
(If) I come. (If) I walk. (If) I go.
Present Perfect
(If) I have come. (If) I have walked. (If) I have gone.
Past
(If) I came. (If) I walked. (If) I went.
Past Perfect
(If) I had come. (If) I had walked. (If) I had gone.
Imperative Mode. Present
Come. Walk. Go.
Participles. Present
Coming. Walking. Going.
Past
Come. Walked. Went
Perfect
Having come. Having walked. Having gone.
A study of these verbs shows the formation of the various tenses in the different modes to be as follows:
Active Voice
1. The present tense is the simple form of the verb, the same as the present infinitive:
I walk. I write.
2. The present perfect is have combined with the past participle:
I have walked. I have written.
3. The past tense of a regular verb is formed by adding ed or d to the present; but if the verb is irregular, the past tense must be learned from the table of irregular verbs:
I walked. I wrote.
4. The past perfect tense is formed of had and the past participle:
I had walked. I had written.
5. The future tense is formed of shall in the first person, or will in the second and third persons, and the present infinitive:
I shall walk. I shall write.
6. The future perfect tense is formed of shall in the first person, or will in the second and third persons, and the present perfect infinitive:
I shall have walked. I shall have written.
Subjunctive Mode
7. The present tense is the simple form of the verb:
If I walk. If he walk.1 If I write. If he write1
8. The present perfect tense is formed of have and the past participle:
If I have walked. If I had written.
The past tense of a regular verb is formed by adding ed or d to the present; but if the verb is irregular, the past tense must be learned from the table of irregular verbs:
If I walked. If I wrote.
The past perfect tense is formed of had and the past participle:
If I had walked. If I had written.
1 The tenses of the subjunctive mode of regular verbs are formed like the corresponding tenses of the indicative mode except that the verb drops the final s in the third person singular of the present tense.
Potential Mode
The present tense is formed of may, can, or must, and the present infinitive:
I can walk. I can write.
The present perfect tense is formed of may, can, or must and the present perfect infinitive:
I may have walked. I may have written.
The past tense is formed of might, could, would, or should, and the present infinitive:
I might walk. I might write.
The past perfect tense is formed of might, could, would, or should and the present perfect infinitive:
I might have walked. I might have written.
Imperative Mode. Present Tense
The imperative mode has only the present tense, and this is the simple form of the verb:
Walk (thou). Write (thou).
Participles
The present participle is formed by adding ing to the present; as, walking, writing.
The past participle of a regular verb is formed by adding d or ed to the present; but if the verb is irregular, the past participle must be learned from the table of irregular verbs; as, walked, written.
The perfect participle is formed of having and the past participle; as, having walked, having written.
Passive Voice
The tenses of the passive voice are made by adding the perfect participle to the various forms of the verb to be:
I am loved. The letter is written.
Progressive Form
The progressive form is made by adding the present participle to the different tenses of the various modes of the verb to be:
I am walking. I am writing.
Emphatic Form
The emphatic form is made by placing the present and past forms of the auxiliary do before the present and past tenses of the indicative mode:
I do try. I did study
Explanation:
Answer:
"English verb tenses are formed by combining one of the principal forms of a main verb with one or more auxiliary verbs. There are four principal forms: basic or root, present participle, past and past participle."
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