Question

formic acid is stronger than acetic acid.
explain why?​

Answer 1

Answer:

In acetic acid, CH3COOH, the electron releasing –CH3 group increases the negative charge on the carboxyl group, making loss of proton more difficult. On other hand HCOOH formic acid does not have any electron releasing group thus removal of proton is easier. Thus, formic acid is stronger than acetic acid.

Answer 2

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In acetic acid, the methyl group is an electron donating group.

The acetate ion formed gets destabilized due to the electron releasing effect of methyl group (+1 effect) which is higher than that of H-atom in the corresponding formic acid.

As a result, acetic acid dissociates to a lesser extent. Thus decreasing the acidity of acetic acid. Formic acid having lower pK value than acetic acid.

Hence, formic acid is a stronger acid than acetic acid.