Question

Forms of power-sharing class 10 ​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Power is shared among different organs of government.

2. Power can be shared among governments at different levels.

3. Power is shared among different social groups.

4. Power is shared among political parties, pressure groups, and movements.

Explanation:

1. Power is shared among different organs of government.

• In it power is shared among legislature, executive and judiciary.
• It is also called horizontal distribution of power because it allows different organs of government placed at the same level to exercise different powers.
• Such a separation ensures that none of the organs can exercise unlimited power.
• Each organ check the other. This results in a balance of power among various institutions.
• For example- Even though ministers and government officials exercise power, they are responsible to the parliament or state assembly.

2. Power can be shared among governments at different levels.

• There is a general government for the entire country. Such general government is called federal government.
• In India, we refer to it as the Central or Union Government.
• The governments at the provincial or regional level are called State Government in India.
• In India, government is divided at the central level, state level and local level.
• It is called vertical division of power as power is divided among higher and lower levels of government. It is also called federal division of power.

3. Power is shared among different social groups.

• This type of arrangement is meant to give space in the government and administration to diverse social groups who otherwise would feel alienated from the government.
• This method is used to give minority community a fair share in power.
• In India, we have the system of 'reserved constituencies' in assemblies and the parliament of our country.
• Community government in Belgium is a good example of this arrangement.

4. Power is shared among political parties, pressure groups, and movements.

• In a democracy the citizens must have freedom to choose among various contenders for power.
• When there is a competition, it ensures that the power does not remain in one hand.
• In the long run power is shared among different political parties that represent different ideologies and social groups. This type of government is called 'coalition government'.
• Many interest groups such as traders, businessesmen, industrialists, farmers and industrial workers also have a share in governmental committies or bringing influence on the decision making process.