four characterstics of electromagnetic wave
Answers
Explanation:
Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves, similar to water waves in the ocean or the waves seen on a guitar string. This is as opposed to the compression waves of sound. As you learned in Wave Motion, all waves have amplitude, wavelength, velocity and frequency.
Amplitude
The amplitude of electromagnetic waves relates to its intensity or brightness (as in the case of visible light).
With visible light, the brightness is usually measured in lumens. With other wavelengths the intensity of the radiation, which is power per unit area or watts per square meter is used. The square of the amplitude of a wave is the intensity.
Wavelength
The wavelengths of electromagnetic waves go from extremely long to extremely short and everything in between. The wavelengths determine how matter responds to the electromagnetic wave, and those characteristics determine the name we give that particular group of wavelengths.
Velocity
The velocity of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum is approximately 186,000 miles per second or 300,000 kilometers per second, the same as the speed of light. When these waves pass through matter, they slow down slightly, according to their wavelength.
Frequency
The frequency of any waveform equals the velocity divided by the wavelength. The units of measurement are in cycles per second or Hertz.
Answer:
Listed below are some of the important characteristics and properties of electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature as they propagate by varying the electric and magnetic fields such that the two fields are perpendicular to each other.
Accelerated charges are responsible to produce electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic waves have constant velocity in vacuum and it is nearly equal to 3×108ms−1 which is denoted by C = 1√μoϵo.
Electromagnetic wave propagation does not require any material medium to travel.
The inherent characteristic of an electromagnetic wave is its frequency. Their frequencies remain unchanged but its wavelength changes when the wave travels from one medium to another.
The refractive index of a material is given by:n = √μrϵr
Electromagnetic wave follows the principle of superposition.
The light vector (also known as the electric vector) is the reason for the optical effects due to an electromagnetic wave.
In an electromagnetic wave, the oscillating electric and magnetic fields are in the same phase and their magnitudes have a constant ratio. The ratio of the amplitudes of electric and magnetic fields is equal to the velocity of the
electromagnetic wave.C = E0B0
The energy is carried by the electric and magnetic fields of electromagnetic waves are equal, i.e. the electric energy (uE) and the magnetic energy (uM) are equal; uE = uM.
There is a vector quantity S, called Poynting vector which represents the energy transferred by electromagnetic waves per second per unit area.
S→ = 1μE→ × B→
Electromagnetic radiation from outer space has given us so much information about the universe, its existence and the other celestial bodies.
hope it help u.....