Four positive aspects of secularism
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Answer:
Secularism in general is the separation of church and state.
What this should mean in an ideal world is that the state does not intefere in the inner workings of religion and religion does not work in the inner workings of the state. This in theory should offer protections for all.
I believe there are 4 cases to look at when considering effective implementations.
1. France - France has Laicite - which is possibly the purest strongest form of secularism. France has no state religion and has recently banned the Hijab in public buildings. Whilst state schooling is free from religious influence, faith based private schools are allowed. The caucasian population is largely irreligious.
2. United States - The United States actually consititutionally is a secular state in that there is (oaraphrasing) "no religious test for public office". This is taken by lawmakers that church and state are separate. Religion is not allowed in public schools. Religion has no direct access to state funds although they do operate as charities. The population is a different matter. The majority are religious although this is slowly declining. There are constant legal and constitutional fights by the religious to increase the influience of religions.
3. India - Constitutionally a secular state, yet as I understand it there are certain priviliges given to religions and blasphemy is still very much a crime.
4. United Kingdom - The United Kingdom is constitutionally a religious state in that it has an "established church" - the Church of England. Religious figures (bishops) sit in the house of Lords - one of parliament's chambers helping to make laws. There are faith schools (Catholic, Other Christian, Jewish or Islamic)and then there are so called non-denominational schools - which usually pay a little lip service to the Christian tradition in the country. Some archaic laws remaining on the statute book are straightforwardly anti-Catholic. No blasphemy law in England and Wales but this technically remains in Scotland. Northern Ireland has some situations which are anti-secular - Same Sex Marriage not yet permitted, Abortion rights etc Yet the vast majority of the population are irreligious.
I hope it is helpful for you.
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