Question

French colonialism in indo china

Answer 1

Formation of the French colony in Indo-China: French troops landed in Vietnam in 1858 and by the mid-1880s they had established a firm grip over the northern region. After the Franco-Chinese war the French assumed control of Tonkin and Anaam and, in 1887, French Indo-China was formed. 
 
  Effects of colonisaion:

1》Conflictions: The colonisation of Vietnam by the French brought the people of the country into conflict with the colonisers in all areas of life.

2》 Areas affected: The most affected areas under the French control were;
i》Military power
ii》Economic domination.
iii》Education sector
iv》Religious sector

3》Redefining the culture: The French built a system that tried to reshape the very culture of the Vietnamese. The pre-colonised era and the post-colonised era witnessed a remarkable change in Vietnamese society.

4》Rise of nationalism: The whole of the Vietnam rose against the French. Nationalism in Vietnam emerged through the efforts of different sections of society to fight against the French and all they represented

Answer 2

A grouping of the three Vietnamese regions of Tonkin (north), Annam (centre), and Cochinchina (south) with Cambodia was formed in 1887. Laos was added in 1893 and the leased Chinese territory of Guangzhouwanin 1898. The capital was moved from Saigon(in Cochinchina) to Hanoi (Tonkin) in 1902 and again to Da Lat (Annam) in 1939. In 1945 it was moved back to Hanoi.

After the Fall of France during World War II, the colony was administered by the Vichy government and was under Japanese occupation until March 1945, when the Japanese overthrew the colonial regime. After the Japanese surrender, the Viet Minh a communist organization led by Hồ Chí Minh, declared Vietnamese independence, but France subsequently took back control of French Indochina. An all-out independence war, known as First Indochina War, broke out in late 1946 between French and Viet Minh forces.

In order to create a political alternative to the Viet Minh, the State of Vietnam, led by former Emperor Bảo Đại, was proclaimed in 1949. On 9 November 1953 the Kingdom of Cambodiabecame independent. Following the Geneva Accord of 1954, the French evacuated Vietnam and French Indochina came to an end.