From a rifle of mass 5 kg, a bullet of mass 50 g is fired with an initial velocity of 35 m/s. Calculate the initial recoil velocity of the rifle.
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Initially, the rifle is at rest.
Thus, its initial velocity (v) = 0
The total initial momentum of the rifle and bullet system
⇒ (m1+m2) × v = 0
The total momentum of the rifle and bullet system after firing
= m1v1 + m2v2
= (4 × v1 ) + (0.05 × 35)
= 4v1 + 1.75
According to the law of conservation of momentum
Total momentum after the firing = Total momentum before the firing
4v1 + 1.75 = 0
v1= -1.75 / 4
v1 = – 0.4375 m/s
The negative sign indicates that the rifle recoils backwards with a velocity of 0.4375 m/s.
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