FULLY SOLVED
UUUTIUIVA (READING)
[20 Marks]
1. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
In the democratic countries, intelligence is still free to ask whatever question it chooses. This freedom,
it is almost certain, will not survive another war. Educationists should therefore do all they can, while
there is yet time, to build up in the minds of their charges a habit of resistance to suggestion. If such
resistance is not built up, the men and women of the next generation will be at the mercy of that
skilful propagandist who contrives to seize the instruments of information and persuasion. Resistance
to suggestion can be built up in two ways. First, children can be taught to rely on their own internal
resources and not to depend on incessant stimulation from without.
This is doubly important. Reliance on external stimulation is bad for the character. Moreover, such
stimulation is the stuff with which propagandists baittheir hooks, the jam in which dictators conceal
their ideological pills. An individual who relies on external stimulations thereby exposes himself to the
full force of whatever propaganda is being made in his neighbourhood. For a majority of people in the
West, purposeless reading, purposeless listening-in, purposeless looking at films have become
addictions, psychological equivalents of alcoholism and morphinism. Things have come to such a
pitch that there are many millions of men and women who suffer real distress if they are cut off for a
few days or even a few hours from newspapers, radio, music or moving pictures. Like the addict to a
drug, they have to indulge their vice, not because the indulgence gives them any real pleasure, but
because, unless they indulge, they feel painfully subnormal and incomplete. ch
Even by intelligent people, it is now taken for granted that such psychological addictions are inevitable
and even desirable, that there is nothing to be alarmed at in that fact that the majority of civilised men
and women are now incapable of living on their own spiritual resources, but have become abjectly
dependent on incessant stimulation from without.
How can children be taught to rely upon their own spiritual resources and resist the temptation to
become reading addicts, hearing addicts, seeing addicts? First of all, they can be taught how to
entertain themselves by making things, by playing musical instruments, by purposeful study, by
scientific observation, by the practice of some art and so on. But such education of the hand and the
Answers
1.Reliance on external stimulation is:
(a) good for the character
(b) bad for the character
(c) swift for the character
(d) clumsy for the character
2.For the majority of people what has become addiction:
(a) purposeless reading
(b) purposeless listening to radio
(c) purposeless looking at films
(d) all of these
3.Majority of civilized men and women have become exactly dependent on:
(a) newspapers, radios and films
(b) external sources of entertainment
(c) constant stimulation from without
(d) their own spiritual resources
II. 1. What is the first thing that educator must do?
2. What should be done by educationist?
3. Children can be taught to rely on _________ .
4. They will tend to do this even if they possess the________
5. What does the author mean by psychological addiction? Give an example.
6. Mention the two ways in which resistance to suggestion can be built up
7. How can critical analysis help us?
III. Fill in the blanks with one word only:
Critical analysis and (a) _________ criticism should reach out to the (b) ______ and the (c) ___________, with such clarity that they learn to react to (d) _________ suggestions the right way at the right time.
IV. Find words from the passage which mean the following:
(a) allurement (para 1)
(b) addiction (para 1)
(c) continuing without interruption (para 1)
(d) logical and consistent (para 2))
Explanation:
I.1. (b) bad for the character
2.(d) all of these
3.(c) constant stimulation from without
II.(a) 1. The first thing that educators must do is to analyze the words currently used in newspapers, on platforms by preachers and broadcasters. .2. Educationists must hence, do all they could while there is still time to build up in the mind of their charges, a habit of resistance to suggestion.
3. Their own internal resources.
4. knowledge and skill to do otherwise.
5. For a majority of people in the west, purposeless reading, purposeless listening in, purposeless listening to radios, purposeless looking at films have become a psychological addiction such alcoholism and morphinism
6. Resistance to suggestion can be built up in two ways. First, children can be taught to rely on their own internal resources and not to depend on incessant stimulation from without. The other method of heightening resistance to suggestion is purely intellectual and consists in training young people to subject the diverse devices of the propagandists to critical analysis.
7. Critical analysis and constructive criticism should reach out to the children and the youth, with such clarity that they learn to react to forceful suggestions to right way at the right time
III. (a) constructive
(b) children
(c) youth
(d) forceful
IV. (a) Temptation
(b) Indulgence
(c) incessant
(d) Coherent
