Question

Function of thylakoids, ribosomes and peroxysomes

Answer 1

Reactions performed in the thylakoid include water photolysis, the electron transport chain, and ATP synthesis.
Photosynthetic pigments (e.g., chlorophyll) are embedded into the thylakoid membrane, making it the site of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis.


ribosome organelles is one of the most important of cell because it do Protein synthesis

peroxysome break down fatty acids to be used for forming membranes and as fuel for respiration; and transfer hydrogen from compounds to oxygen to create hydrogen peroxide and then convert hydrogen peroxide into water.

Answer 2

Thylakoids-

Thylakoid is the site of photochemical or light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Chlorophyll present in the thylakoid membrane absorbs energy from the sunlight and is involved in the formation of ATP and NADPH in the light reaction of photosynthesis through electron transport chains. Thus, light energy is converted into chemical energy.

It is also involved in the water oxidation or photolysis of water resulting in the release of oxygen during photosynthesis.

Thylakoids are membranous sacs present in the chloroplast. Chlorophyll is present in the thylakoid membrane. Multiple thylakoids are attached together to form a stack of discs known as grana.

Ribosomes-

A ribosome is a complex molecular machine found inside the living cells that produce proteins from amino acids during the process called protein synthesis or translation. The process of protein synthesis is a primary function, which is performed by all living cells.

Ribosomes are specialized cell organelles and found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Every living cell requires ribosomes for the production of proteins.

This cell organelle also functions by binding to a messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and decoding the information carried by the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA. The transfer RNAs (tRNAs) comprising amino acids, enter into the ribosome at the acceptor site. Once it gets bind up, it adds amino acid to the growing protein chain on tRNA.

Peroxysomes-

Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelle present in the eukaryotic cells. They take part in various oxidative processes. They take part in lipid metabolism and catabolism of D-amino acids, polyamines and bile acids. The reactive oxygen species such as peroxides produced in the process is converted to water by various enzymes like peroxidase and catalase.

In plants, photorespiration occurs in peroxisomes.