Question

Functions of Endoplasmic recticulam

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Answer 1

Functions:

The main functions of ER are as follows:

(i) ER forms a network in cytoplasmic matrix, giving mechanical support to
the cell.

(ii) It functions as an intracellular transport system for various substances ER collects synthetic products of cell and then transports them outside the cell. It also transports the RNA and nucleoproteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where protein synthesis occurs.

(iii) Protein synthesis occurs on the surface of rough ER by ribosomes. These proteins are either used within the cell or exported outside the cell.
(iv) Synthesis of lipids in collaboration with Golgi complex occurs on the surface of smooth ER. Synthesis of lipoproteins and glycogen occurs on smooth ER in liver cells.

(v) Smooth ER membrane contains enzymes for lipid synthesis and for lipid soluble drugs and other harmful compounds. These enzymes detoxify the above drugs and make them water soluble so that they may be excreted in urine.

Answer 2

The major functions of Endoplasmic reticulum are:

• It is mainly responsible for the transportation of proteins and other carbohydrates to another organelle, which includes lysosomes, Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane, etc.
• They play a vital role in the formation of the skeletal framework.
• They provide the increased surface area for cellular reactions.
• They help in the formation of nuclear membrane during cell division.
• They play a vital role in the synthesis of proteins, lipids, glycogen and other steroids like cholesterol, progesterone, testosterone, etc.