Fundamental laws of radioactivity ?
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On the basis of experiments performed by Rutherford and soddy, some conclusions were made for behavior radioactive elements and the properties of radioactivity. These conclusions are summarized as fundamental laws of radioactivity. These are discussed as follows.
Radioactivity is purely a nuclear process. It is not
concerned in any manner with the electrons orbiting the nucleus.
2.As radioactivity is a nuclear process, it is independent from any chemical property of the element. As we have discussed that radioactive property of an element is only the process concerned with nucleus of the element, it does not affect the electronic configuration of the element.If this element takes part in a chemical reaction, the product formed will also have the radioactive property in the same fraction by which the radioactive atom is present in the molecule of product.
3. As radioactivity is a random process, its study is only possible by laws of probability. In a group of several radioactive atoms, which one will disintegrate first is just a matter of chance.
4. As radioactivity is a random process, the disintegration density throughout the volume of a radioactive element remains constant. If an element X decays to a daughter nuclide Y, then in a given volume of the element, all portions of volume will have same ratio of number of atoms of Y to that of X. Thus, homogenity is maintained.
Thus, due to randomness, the amount of disintegrations an
per unit volume per second (called
disintegration density) (
remains approximately constant in the whole volume of the substance.
Radioactivity is purely a nuclear process. It is not
concerned in any manner with the electrons orbiting the nucleus.
2.As radioactivity is a nuclear process, it is independent from any chemical property of the element. As we have discussed that radioactive property of an element is only the process concerned with nucleus of the element, it does not affect the electronic configuration of the element.If this element takes part in a chemical reaction, the product formed will also have the radioactive property in the same fraction by which the radioactive atom is present in the molecule of product.
3. As radioactivity is a random process, its study is only possible by laws of probability. In a group of several radioactive atoms, which one will disintegrate first is just a matter of chance.
4. As radioactivity is a random process, the disintegration density throughout the volume of a radioactive element remains constant. If an element X decays to a daughter nuclide Y, then in a given volume of the element, all portions of volume will have same ratio of number of atoms of Y to that of X. Thus, homogenity is maintained.
Thus, due to randomness, the amount of disintegrations an
per unit volume per second (called
disintegration density) (
remains approximately constant in the whole volume of the substance.
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