FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE
* Define celorganelle
2 What are the 3 main features of a cell
3. Gve example for unicellular organism
4 Name 3 types of solution
5. What is endocytosis?
6. Write the difference between smooth endoplasmic reticulum and rough endoplasmic reticulum
7. Name two types of plastids.
8. Name the outer most layer of plant cell.
9 Name the outer most layer of animal cell.
10. What is the plasma membrane made up of?
11. What is cellulose made up of?
12 What is gene?
13. Which molecule is known as currency of energy?
14. Which cell organell is the power house of the cell?
15. What is the primary function of leucoplast?
16 What is the function of vacuole?
17. Define nucleoid.
Answers
Answer:
1 Define cell organelles
An organelle is a subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell, much like an organ does in the body. Among the more important cell organelles are the nuclei, which store genetic information; mitochondria, which produce chemical energy; and ribosomes, which assemble proteins
2 The three features found in almost every cell are plasma membrane, nucleus and cytoplasm
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3 Examples of unicellular organisms are bacteria, archaea, unicellular fungi, and unicellular protists
4
Solid solution.
Liquid solution.
Gaseous solution
5
the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole
6
The main difference between these two terminologies is that the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum is known for stocking the lipids and proteins. It is not bounded by ribosomes. Whereas, the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is bounded by the ribosomes and also stores proteins.
7
On the basis of presence of pigments, the plastids are of two types: (i) the chromoplasts (chromatophores) having pigment, and (ii) the leucoplasts which are colourless plastids.
8
epidermis
Answer:
1. An organelle is a subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell, much like an organ does in the body. Among the more important cell organelles are the nuclei, which store genetic information; mitochondria, which produce chemical energy; and ribosomes, which assemble proteins.
2. A cell consists of three parts: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and, between the two, the cytoplasm. Within the cytoplasm lie intricate arrangements of fine fibers and hundreds or even thousands of miniscule but distinct structures called organelles.
3. Examples of unicellular organisms are bacteria, archaea, unicellular fungi, and unicellular protists.
4. There are three types of solutions that can occur in your body based on solute concentration: isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic.
5. Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell. The material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of cell membrane, which then buds off inside the cell to form a vesicle containing the ingested material. Endocytosis includes pinocytosis and phagocytosis.
6. The main difference between these two terminologies is that the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum is known for stocking the lipids and proteins. It is not bounded by ribosomes. Whereas, the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is bounded by the ribosomes and also stores proteins.
7. Types of Plastids
Chloroplasts.
Chromoplasts.
Gerontoplasts.
Leucoplasts.
8. Epidermis is the outer most layer of the plant cell.
9. Cell membrane is the outer most layer of the animal cell.
10. Plasma membrane is made up of a lipid layer that is semipermeable and is responsible to regulate the transportation of materials and also the movement of substances both in and out of the cell. Complete answer: Plasma membrane is the outer covering of the cell that is composed of phospholipid bilayer and proteins.
11. Cellulose is made up of glucose monomers.
12. A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA.
13. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate, or ATP, is the principal molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells. It is often referred to as the energy currency of the cell and can be compared to storing money in a bank.
14. The “powerhouses” of the cell, mitochondria are oval-shaped organelles found in most eukaryotic cells.
15. Leucoplasts are a group of plastids that include many differentiated colourless organelles with very different functions which act as a store for starch in non-green tissues such as roots, tubers, or seeds The primary function of leucoplast is the storage of starch, lipids and proteins.
16. A vacuole is a membrane-bound cell organelle. In animal cells, vacuoles are generally small and help sequester waste products. In plant cells, vacuoles help maintain water balance. Sometimes a single vacuole can take up most of the interior space of the plant cell.
17. Nucleoid is the undefined nuclear region containing only nucleic acids, in the prokaryotic cells. It transports the material in and out of the cell. It is also responsible for the formation of lysosomes.
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