General characteristics of cyanobacteria
Answers
Answer for Class 11 Biology Students
Cyanobacteria (blue- green algae):
These have chlorophyll a similar to green plants and perform oxygenic photosynthesis. The photosynthetic pigments give it blue-green color that’s why it is also known as blue- green algae.
Some of these can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialised cells called heterocysts, e.g., Nostoc, Anabaena etc.
Heterocysts are large sized, thick walled cells. Thick wall is impermeable to oxygen but permeable to nitrogen. It has enzyme nitrogenase.
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The microorganisms that are capable to perform photosynthesis even though they belong to the bacterial family is cyanobacteria
They are considered as the first known form of life on earth
The General Characteristics of Cyanobacteria includes:
Cyanobacteria are Eukaryotic in Nature
- The cyanobacteria consists of a nucleus as the center portion
- And the nucleus is covered with a membrane called nuclear membrane
Cyanobacteria are both unicellular and multicellular in nature
- Cyanobacteria possess only a single cell for performing all the functions.
- But they also form into other types that include multiple cells to perform multiple functions.
- Therefore cyanobacteria acts as both unicellular and multicellular
Cyanobacteria are filamentous in nature
- They contain filaments
- It was developed in the beginning stage of evolution
Cyanobacteria are found in the aquatic environment
- Cyanobacteria are commonly found in the aquatic environment
- They are used for the nitrogen fixation in plants and used in the decomposition of organic wastes