Genes related to one character has two contrast traits. But only one among them is considered as dominant. How?
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1. Whenever two traits of a character were crossed, the F1 plants showed only one of the traits; the other trait never appeared. It did not matter whether the trait came from the pollen or the egg.
2. The trait that did not appear in F1 reappeared in F2, but in ¼ of the total number of plants.
Mendel called the substance responsible for each trait a ‘factor’. He explained that each genetic character was represented or controlled by a pair of unit factors, or elements. (Later on. the unit factors became known as alleles or allelomorphs.
When the term ‘gene’ was coined and defined, the allele became synonymous with the gene.) One of the alleles came from one parent and the other from the other parent. The first-generation plants of Mendel’s experiment were all tall plants. But the allele representing dwarfness was neither destroyed nor altered.
It could not be expressed in the first generation because it was dominated by the allele representing tallness. In other words, the allele for tallness was dominant and the allele for dwarfness was recessive.
2. The trait that did not appear in F1 reappeared in F2, but in ¼ of the total number of plants.
Mendel called the substance responsible for each trait a ‘factor’. He explained that each genetic character was represented or controlled by a pair of unit factors, or elements. (Later on. the unit factors became known as alleles or allelomorphs.
When the term ‘gene’ was coined and defined, the allele became synonymous with the gene.) One of the alleles came from one parent and the other from the other parent. The first-generation plants of Mendel’s experiment were all tall plants. But the allele representing dwarfness was neither destroyed nor altered.
It could not be expressed in the first generation because it was dominated by the allele representing tallness. In other words, the allele for tallness was dominant and the allele for dwarfness was recessive.
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