____________________
GEOGRAPHY __________________
Q7. Name and explain the landforms formed by the action of wind.
Q8. Describe the composition of the atmosphere.
Q 9. What are the main gases in the atmosphere? Write the characteristics of each of the gases.
Q 10. Give reasons :-
a) Amount of Insolation decreases from equator towards poles?
b) The quality of water is deteriorating.
c) Flood plains are very fertile. d)Limestone is changed into marble.
e) Man modifies his environment.
Q11. Distinguish between :-
a) Intrusive and extrusive rocks. b) Dormant volcano and Extinct volcano
c) Weather and Climate.
15point❣️❣️
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Answers
A1-:1)Desert 2)Hills
1)In deserts winds pick up small particles and leaves behind larger rocks to form desert pavement. Moving sand may sand blast rocks and other features to create ventifacts. The sand is transported until it is deposited in a sand dune.
2)When the wind deposits sand, it forms small hills of sand. These hills are called sand dunes. For sand dunes to form, there must be plenty of sand and wind. Sand dunes form where the wind deposits sand.
A2-:Composition of air
Oxygen — 21 percent. Argon — 0.93 percent. Carbon dioxide — 0.04 percent. Trace amounts of neon, helium, methane, krypton and hydrogen, as well as water vapor.
A3-:a)Nitrogen gas-:Elemental nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and mostly inert diatomic gas at standard conditions, constituting 78.09 percent of Earth's atmosphere by volume. ... Commercial nitrogen is often a byproduct of air-processing for industrial concentration of oxygen.
b)Oxgen gas-:The glowing splint test is a test for an oxidising gas, such as oxygen. In this test, a splint is lit, allowed to burn for a few seconds, then blown out by mouth or by shaking. Whilst the ember at the tip is still glowing hot, the splint is introduced to the gas sample that has been trapped in a vessel.
c)Carbon Dioxide-:Carbon dioxide appears as a colorless odorless gas at atmospheric temperatures and pressures. Relatively nontoxic and noncombustible. Heavier than air and may asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Soluble in water.
A4-:a)Insolation comes through vertical rays on equator. Thus, it covers up less space but we feel more heat there when it goes up towards poles, the sun rays become slanting. ... This is the reason why amount of insolation decreases from equator towards poles.
b)Ocean water contains large amounts of dissolved salts. Hence it is salty. ... Answer: Water quality is deteriorating because of pesticides, toxic and hazardous wastes, litter and rubbish, decayed organic materials and chemicals.
c)floodplains are usually very fertile agricultural areas. Floods carry nutrient-rich silt and sediment, and distribute it across a wide area. floodplains are flat and often have relatively few boulders or other large obstacles that may prevent farming.
d)Marble is a metamorphic rock that forms when limestone is subjected to the heat and pressure of metamorphism. It is composed primarily of the mineral calcite (CaCO3) and usually contains other minerals, such as clay minerals, micas, quartz, pyrite, iron oxides, and graphite.
e)Man modifies his environment to fulfil his needs and make his life comfortable. He also has modified his environment to adapt himself to the natural surroundings.
A11-:a)Extrusive rocks and intrusive rocks both form when hot molten material crystallizes. However, extrusive rocks form from lava at the surface of the Earth, whereas intrusive rocks form from magma underground, often relatively deep in the Earth. A pluton is a block of intrusive igneous rock.
b)An erupting volcano is an active volcano that is having an eruption... A dormant volcano is an active volcano that is not erupting, but supposed to erupt again. An extinct volcano has not had an eruption for at least 10,000 years and is not expected to erupt again in a comparable time scale of the future.
c)Weather is the combination of temperature, humidity, precipitation, cloudiness, visibility, and wind. In popular usage, climate represents the synthesis of weather; more formally, it is the weather of a locality averaged over some period (usually 30 years), plus statistics of weather extremes.
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- nitrogen gass
- oxygen gas
- carbon dioxide