Question

gibbons hawking york boundary term​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Answer 2

In general relativity, the Gibbons–Hawking–York boundary term is a term that needs to be added to the Einstein–Hilbert action when the underlying spacetime manifold has a boundary. ... The necessity of such a boundary term was first realised by York and later refined in a minor way by Gibbons and Hawking.