Give 2 characteristics of an adolescent's physical growth which show that the rate of growth of all parts of the body is not the same
Answers
Answer:
Adolescence is often characterized as a period of transformation, primarily, in terms of physical, cognitive, and social-relational change. Adolescence is a developmental stage that has been defined as starting with puberty and ending with the transition to adulthood (approximately ages 10–20). Adolescence has evolved historically, with evidence indicating that this stage is lengthening as individuals start puberty earlier and transition to adulthood later than in the past. Puberty today begins, on average, at age 10–11 years for girls and 11–12 years for boys. This average age of onset has decreased gradually over time since the 19th century by 3–4 months per decade, which has been attributed to a range of factors including better nutrition, obesity, increased father absence, and other environmental factors (Steinberg, 2013). Completion of formal education, financial independence from parents, marriage, and parenthood have all been markers of the end of adolescence and beginning of adulthood, and all of these transitions happen, on average, later now than in the past. In fact, the prolonging of adolescence has prompted the introduction of a new developmental period called emerging adulthood that captures these developmental changes out of adolescence and into adulthood, occurring from approximately ages 18 to 29 (Arnett, 2000). (46)
Explanation:
Answer:
The two unique features of adolescence are —
(i) The spurt in physical growth, when a physical
appearance of an individual gradually becomes
different. This is due to the rapid acceleration in
growth of skeletal tissue (bones and cartilage) and
muscular and glandular tissue. For examples, breasts
begin to develop in girls due to the release of estrogen
hormone. Changes in voice are quite noticeable
among boys.
(ii) It is a time period between the onset of puberty and
adulthood.
Under the influence of growth hormone, the body size
increases. Sex hormones stimulate growth and maturity of
gonads (reproductive organs). In males, testes grow in size and
start producing sperms. In females, the eggs or ova present
in the ovary since birth begins to mature. Sex organs also
increase in size. Thus, there is an overall growth in body size.
As sexual maturity progresses during adolescence, hormones
act on growth centers of bones which are responsible for
increase in length of bones. The long bones, the vertebrae
and limbs grow and the adolescent gains height. The limbs
become stronger. The heart, lungs and other internal organs
also grow to match the increase in body size. The muscle
mass undergoes a spurt at adolescence. Eventually, growth
rate slows down and then stops. Generally, at the age of 14
to 18 years of age, adult height is already reached. The peak
of growth of muscle mass is also typically around the age of
14 to 16 years. In the females, the pelvis region undergoes a
growth spurt and becomes wider.
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