Question

Give 2 examples to show the ‘political’ impact of colonialism in India.​

Answer 1

Answer:

British Colonial Rule: Impact # 1.

Destruction of Indian Handicrafts:

The Industrial Revolution in England created a serious impact on Indian economy as it reversed the character and composition of India’s foreign trade. This led to destruction of Indian handicrafts although there was no substantial growth of modern factory industry.

British Colonial Rule: Impact # 2.

New Land System:

New land system of the British ruler also created a serious impact on the Indian economy. During the East India Company rule, the company administrators imposed land revenue at exorbitant rates and thereby realised larger returns from land.

Thereafter, the British Government introduced the land settlement in 1793. Permanent settlement was introduced in Bengal and other neighbouring areas, and then gradually extended to other states. This settlement led to introduction of zamindary system where zamindars were responsible for collecting and remitting the land revenue to the British rulers.

Later on, another system known as ryotwary settlement was also introduced in Bombay and Madras and then subsequently to north­eastern and north-western India where peasant landlords were directly responsible to the state for the annual payment of land revenue.

Under both these systems, the land revenue or the rent fixed was excessively high and this led to destruction of the organic village community in India.

Explanation: