give 2 functions of centrosome
Answers
Centrosomes are organelles responsible for the organization and nucleation of microtubules in animal cells and also regulate the cell cycle during cellular division. When the nuclear membrane breaks down during mitosis, the chromosomes interact with the centrosome nucleated microtubules to build the mitotic spindle. The centrosome plays a key role in efficient mitosis, but it is not considered essential.
The centrosome is a microtubule organizing center, or MTOC, comprised of two centrioles surrounded by a mass of protein called pericentriolar material, or PCM. During the prophase stage of mitosis, the centrosomes migrate to opposite ends of the cell and the mitotic spindle forms between them. Plants and fungi cells do not contain centrosomes and rely upon other MTOC structures when organizing their microtubules.
The purpose of the centrosome is to help organize microtubules (hollow tubes of protein, similar looking to microscopic hollow spaghetti) to be utilized during cell division. It also works to use the microtubules to create part of the cytoskeleton of the cell. This helps give the cell its structure. In a sense, the centrosome helps to stabilize the structure of the cell. While these might seem like simplistic tasks, they are extremely important and critical roles.
The centrosome itself consists of two centrioles that are held perpendicular to one another. The centrioles are just a fancy way to name a specific arrangement of microtubules. They are held together in a set way: as stacks of three microtubules that are connected in nine bundles arranged in a ring. If you were to cut a cross section of it, it would appear to look like a star.
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