Give a brief account of the evolution of psychology 1
Answers
hough applicable to any organism with a nervous system, most research in evolutionary psychology focuses on humans.
Evolutionary Psychology proposes that the human brain comprises many functional mechanisms, called psychological adaptations or evolved cognitive mechanisms designed by the process of natural selection.
Answer:
The evolution of Psychology occurred as follows:-
(a)Structuralism: This method was prevalent from when William Wundt started the first laboratory of Psychology in Leipzig, Germany. Here the psychologists would study the conscious experience and analyzed the constituents of the mind through introspection and were thus called structuralist.
(b)Functionalism: Started by William James who also set up a Psychological laboratory in Cambridge. Concerned with studying what the mind does and behavior in response to the stimulus in the environment.
(c)Gestalt Psychology: Established in the early 20th century, it opposed the structuralism method. It focused on the organization of perceptual experiences and stated that our perception experience is greater than the sum of perception.
(d)Behaviorism: defines psychology as a study of behavior and responses which can be measured and studied objectively. Started by John Watson.
(e)Psychoanalysis: Founded by Sigmund Freud who views human behavior as a dynamic manifestation of unconscious desires and conflicts. This method was meant for understanding and curing Psychological disorders.
(f)Humanistic Approach: Prominent humanists such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow emphasized on the free will of human and their natural striving to grow and unfold their true potential. Argued that behaviorism undermines human freedom and dignity and that it takes mechanistic view of human nature.
(g)Cognitive Perspective: It involves thinking, understanding, perceiving, memorizing, problem solving, etc and states that the mind develops according to the information it receives.er: