Question

give a brief account of the types of soil found in India​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Alluvial soil: Materials deposited by rivers, winds, glaciers and sea waves are called alluvium and soils made up of alluvium are alluvial soils. In India alluvial soils are mainly found on the Indo-Ganga­ Brahmaputra Plains, Coastal Plains etc. They are also found along the river basins of some plateau and mountain regions.

2. Laterite and Lateritic soils: Laterite is a kind of clayey rock or soil formed under high temperature and high rainfall. Laterite and lateritic soils are found in South Maharashtra, the Western Ghats in Kerala and Karnataka etc. These soils are generally infertile. Plants like tea, coffee, etc. are grown in this soil.

3. Red Soils: Red

soils develop on granite and geneses rocks under low rainfall condition. This

soil is mainly found in Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Orissa etc. But

these have capacity to grow good crops after taking help of irrigation and

fertilizers. Wheat, rice and cotton are cultivated here.

4. Black Soils or Regur soils: The black soil have developed extensively upon the Lava Plateaus

of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh. It is clayey, becomes very sticky when

wet. It is very fertile. This type of soil is specially suited to the

cultivation of cotton and hence sometimes called ‘black cotton soil.’

5. Desert soil: The soils of Rajasthan, Haryana and the South Punjab are sandy.

In the absence of sufficient wash by rain water soils have become saline and

rather unfit for cultivation. In spite of that cultivation can be carried on

with the help of modern irrigation. Wheat, bajra, groundnut, etc. can be grown

in this soil.

6. Mountain soil: Soils are varied in mountains. In the Alpine forest belts the

soils are thin and darker in color. This type of soil is suitable for the

cultivation of potatoes, fruits, tea coffee and spices and wheat.

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