Question

Give a brief account of Viruses with respect to their structure and nature of genetic material. Also, name four common viral diseases.

Answer 1

Answer:

• Viruses are non cellular, obligate parasites. This means that viruses needs a host to survive; they cannot survive on their own.
• Viruses have an outer protein covering known as capsid and their own genetic material which can be RNA or DNA.
• They never contain both DNA and RNA.
• Their genetic material is what causes viral infections.
• Viruses can have different shapes such as helical, icosahedral, complex etc.

Examples of viral diseases:

• Viruses cause diseases like mumps, small pox, herpes and influenza.
• AIDS in humans is also caused by a virus.

In plants, discoloration and mottling (formation og irregular patterns) is caused by the TMV (Tumor Mosaic Virus)

JAI SHREE RAM

Answer 2

Answer:

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Explanation:

Viruses are sub-microscopic, infectious, nucleoprotein particles that can infect all living organisms. A virus consists of genetic material either in the form of RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein coat.

Most of the viruses, infecting plants, have single-stranded RNA as genetic material. On the other hand, the viruses infecting animals have single or double-stranded RNA or double-stranded DNA.

Bacteriophages or viruses infecting bacteria mostly have double- stranded DNA. Their protein coat called as capsid is made up of capsomere subunits. These capsomeres are arranged in helical or polyhedral geometric forms.

AIDS, smallpox, mumps, and influenza are some common examples of viral diseases.