Question

Give a brief account on counter current mechanism.

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Answer 1

Answer:

Blood flows in the two limbs of the tube in opposite directions and this gives rise to counter currents. ... As a result, blood entering the renal medulla in the descending limb comes in close contact with the outgoing blood in the ascending limb. The osmolarity increases in the inner medulla by counter current mechanism.

Answer 2

Answer:

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Explanation:

The counter current mechanism operating inside the kidney is the main adaptation for the conservation of water. There are two countercurrent mechanisms inside the kidneys. Main organs involved are Henle’s loop and vasa rectae.

Henle’s loop is a U-shaped part of the nephron. Blood flows in the two limbs of the tube in opposite directions and this gives rise to counter currents. The Vasa recta is an efferent arteriole, which forms a capillary network around the tubules inside the renal medulla. It runs parallel to Henley’s loop and is U-shaped. Blood flows in opposite directions in the two limbs of vasa recta. As a result, blood entering the renal medulla in the descending limb comes in close contact with the outgoing blood in the ascending limb.

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EXTRA EDGE...

The osmolarity increases in the inner medulla by counter current mechanism. It helps in maintaining the concentration gradient, which in turn helps in easy movement of water from collecting tubules. The gradient is a result of the movement of NaCl and urea.