give a detailed note on plant and animal life in the temperate forests. 7 to 8 lines
Answers
Answer:
I think it would help u
Explanation:
Plants of the Temperate Forest
This tree in California, called the General Sherman tree, is the largest known singular tree in the world (by volume).Trees are the most important plants in temperate forests. Most of the other organisms in the forest depend on the tree's ability to turn the sun’s energy into sugars using photosynthesis.
There are big trees and small trees. Some tree species like serviceberry, hop hornbeam, Dogwood, or Sassafras, never really get big enough to reach the canopy, and have relatively short lifespans.
The Big
The trees like Oaks, Maples, Ponderosa Pines or Douglas-Fir, can live hundreds of years. Some Temperate Forest conifers like Redwoods and Giant Sequoias in California can live for thousands of years, and are some of the largest living things on the planet.Big trees need a lot of water, which they absorb through their large root systems. They also need nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus to make the enzymes and pigments (like chlorophyll) that they use in photosynthesis.
This root ball shows the roots in dark blue and the mycorrhizae in white. Though you can't see it, these trees take advantage of another organism to get nutrients from the soil. Almost all tree species use what are called mycorrhizae (meaning ‘fungus-roots’) to obtain some of their nutrients. These are roots which fungi have grown around or into.
Here’s how it works: the trees move some of their extra sugar, made from photosynthesis, into the mycorrhizae, giving the fungus access. In exchange, the fungus moves nitrogen and other nutrients into the trees roots, which the tree can then use to grow new leaves, for example. It’s a trade.The tree has lots of sugar, but has a hard time getting nitrogen. On the other hand, the fungus is pretty good at getting nitrogen from the soil, but high-energy sugar is hard to come by. These two types of organisms have evolved to cooperate in a way that works out better for both of them, a relationship we call a mutualism.
The Small
This small flowering white trillium can live for up to 70 years. There are lots of other plants besides trees in temperate forests. Understory shrubs like Gooseberry (watch out for spines!) and Blueberry are some tasty examples.There are also plants called forbs: small, non-woody, flowering plants, like lilies as well as orchids. One example is the beautiful White Trillium, a plant which produces large white flowers after about seven to ten years, and can live for 70 years.
There are also grasses and sedges, which can grow in open gaps in the forest. These plants provide food for deer and insects.Some shrubs like rhododendron bushes keep their leaves through the winter. This is because they can get more sunlight during the winter when the canopy of deciduous tree leaves is gone. Since there are few shrubs that do this, there are very few leaves available for deer in the winter. Rhododendron makes toxic chemicals in its leaves to make them distasteful to deer to protect it from being eaten.
Animals of the Temperate Forest
Woodpeckers serve an important role in the forest.
The first sound you’ll hear in the temperate forest are the birds. You may not see them, but if you listen closely you can hear many different bird calls. In fact, experienced biologists can identify many birds just by the calls they hear. The Pileated Woodpecker, a rare temperate forest woodpecker, has a distinctive call that you may learn to recognize.
A Quiet Winter
When winter comes, the forest turns from noisy to nearly silent. Many temperate forest birds are migratory, meaning that while they spend summers in temperate forests, they fly south every winter to find food.
Some birds, like this Clark's nutcracker, store seeds to use during winter. Not all birds migrate, some stay the winter, like many owls, but are less active, to conserve energy. Some go into what is called ‘torpor,’ which is an inactive state in which they use less energy. This helps them survive the winter with little food
What makes up a bear's diet depends heavily on where it lives
Bears spend summers rearing young and eating as much as possible to store fat for winter, when they won't eat for up to 7 months.
However, not all animals hibernate. Deer are active all winter, and browse on bark and buds, as well as grass they can dig up from under the snow, and leaves from any plants that keep their leaves through the winter
Small Insects in Big Roles
Last but not least are the insects. There are many, many species of insects in the forest, though you may not see them. Some, like stick bugs, use camouflage to avoid being seen and eaten. There are many herbivorous insects
Explanation:
There are lots of other plants besides trees in temperate forests. ... There are also grasses and sedges, which can grow in open gaps in the forest. These plants provide food for deer and insects. Some shrubs like rhododendron bushes keep their leaves through the winter.