Question

Give a sample utterance for speech act. Then explain the possible effect of such utterance.
1. complain​

Answer 1

Answer:

Complaint as a Speech Act

The speaker (S) performs the speech act of

complaint to “expresses displeasure or annoyance –

censure- as a reaction to a past or going action, the

consequences of which are perceived by S as

affecting her unfavorably” [24]. The following

preconditions exists for a speech act to be considered

as a complaint:

Hearer (H) performs a socially unacceptable act

(SUA) that is contrary to a social code of behavioral

norms shared by S and H.

(1) S perceives the SUA as having unfavorable

consequences of herself, and/or for the general

public.

(2) The verbal expression of S relates post facto

directly or indirectly to the SUA, thus having the

illocutionary force of censure.

(3) S perceives the SUA as: (a) freeing S (at least

partially) from the implicit understanding of a social

commiserating relationship with H; S therefore

chooses to express her frustration or annoyance…;

and (b) giving S the legitimate right to ask for repair

in order to undo the SUA, either for her benefit or for

the public benefit. It is the latter perception that leads

to instrumental complaint aimed at “changing thing”

that do not meet with our standards or expectations.

The main goal of such instrumental complaint is to

ensure that H performs some action of repair as a

result of the complaint [24].

A complaint helps S to express displeasure or

annoyance, and to hold the hearer (H) accountable

for the action causing this, confront a problem with

the intention of improving the situation, and possibly

to suggest or request a correction, to obtain

agreement, and to establish a common bond between

the speaker and addressee, helping him/her to open

and/or sustain conversations [6], [8], [24]. Four

components exist in the complaint speech act set

produced by Americans: the explanation of purpose /

warning of the forthcoming complaint, the complaint

itself, the justification, and a candidate solution in

the form of a request [2

Explanation:

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