Question

Give a short note on a movement of congress towards civil disobedience?​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Civil Civil disobedience is the active, professed refusal of a citizen to obey certain laws, demands, orders or commands of a government

Answer 2

Answer:

In February 1922, Mahatma Gandhi decided to withdraw the

Non-Cooperation Movement. He felt the movement was turning

violent in many places and satyagrahis needed to be properly trained

before they would be ready for mass struggles. Within the Congress,

some leaders were by now tired of mass struggles and wanted to

participate in elections to the provincial councils that had been set

up by the Government of India Act of 1919. They felt that it was

important to oppose British policies within the councils, argue for

reform and also demonstrate that these councils were not truly

democratic. C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Party

within the Congress to argue for a return to council politics. But

younger leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose

pressed for more radical mass agitation and for full independence.

Mahatma Gandhi found in salt a powerful symbol that could unite

the nation. On 31 January 1930, he sent a letter to Viceroy Irwin

stating eleven demands. Some of these were of general interest;

others were specific demands of different classes, from industrialists

to peasants. The idea was to make the demands wide-ranging, so

that all classes within Indian society could identify with them and

everyone could be brought together in a united campaign. The most

stirring of all was the demand to abolish the salt tax. Salt was

something consumed by the rich and the poor alike, and it was one

of the most essential items of food. The tax on salt and the

government monopoly over its production, Mahatma Gandhi

declared, revealed the most oppressive face of British rule.

Mahatma Gandhi’s letter was, in a way, an ultimatum. If the

demands were not fulfilled by 11 March, the letter stated, the

Congress would launch a civil disobedience campaign. Irwin was

unwilling to negotiate. So Mahatma Gandhi started his famous

salt march accompanied by 78 of his trusted volunteers. The march

was over 240 miles, from Gandhiji’s ashram in Sabarmati to the

Gujarati coastal town of Dandi. The volunteers walked for 24 days,

about 10 miles a day. Thousands came to hear Mahatma Gandhi

wherever he stopped, and he told them what he meant by swaraj

and urged them to peacefully defy the British. On 6 April he reached

Dandi, and ceremonially violated the law, manufacturing salt by

boiling sea water.

this event marked the beginning of civil disobedience  movement.

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