Give a short on Heraclitus ( the weeping philosopher ) I need it please !
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Heraclitus was known as the "weeping philosopher", due to his apparent melancholy, which in part caused him to never be able to finish writing out his full thought. He believed the world was in constant change, and the way to understand the world was by listening to the "Logos", something like Reason, or the natural ordering of the world. This was done by investigating the world to see what it revealed to us. He believed that the world was in a state of strife, and understanding the tension between forces was paramount, as they would give way to the Logos. Fire, for Heraclitus, was the force of tension that kept things together, and transitioned from thing to thing. Hegel believed that his conception of opposing forces coming together was the first time someone understood something close to the Hegelian Dialectic. In many of the fragments that have come down to us, he criticized the people for not listening to the Logos, and seems to have a general disdain for most people. Apparently he spent much of the last years of his life living alone away from the city.
Democritus was known as "the laughing philosopher", due to his cheerful disposition. He was one of the first to advance an atomistic metaphysics, believing that the world was composed solely of small atoms, which could not be divided any further.
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Heraclitus of Ephesus (/ˌhɛrəˈklaɪtəs/;[1] Greek: Ἡράκλειτος ὁ Ἐφέσιος Hērákleitos ho Ephésios; c. 535 – c. 475 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, and a native of the city of Ephesus,[2] then part of the Persian Empire. He was of distinguished parentage. Little is known about his early life and education, but he regarded himself as self-taught and a pioneer of wisdom. From the lonely life he led, and still more from the apparently riddled[3] and allegedly paradoxical[4] nature of his philosophy and his stress upon the needless unconsciousness of humankind,[5] he was called "The Obscure" and the "Weeping Philosopher".
Heraclitus was famous for his insistence on ever-present change as being the fundamental essence of the universe, as stated in the famous saying, "No man ever steps in the same river twice"[6] (see panta rhei below). This is commonly considered to be one of the first digressions into the philosophical concept of becoming, and has been contrasted with Parmenides statement that "what is-is" as one of the first digressions into the philosophical concept of being. As such, Parmenides and Heraclitus are commonly considered to be two of the founders of ontology. Scholars have generally believed that either Parmenides was responding to Heraclitus, or Heraclitus to Parmenides, though opinion on who was responding to whom changed over the course of the 20th century.[7] Heraclitus' position was complemented by his stark commitment to a unity of opposites in the world, stating that "the path up and down are one and the same". Through these doctrines Heraclitus characterized all existing entities by pairs of contrary properties, whereby no entity may ever occupy a single state at a single time. This, along with his cryptic utterance that "all entities come to be in accordance with this Logos" (literally, "word", "reason", or "account") has been the subject of numerous interpretations.