give a test that can be used to differetiate between saturated and unstaturated hydrocarbons.
Answers
Answer:
Bromine water test
Explanation:
(a) Bromine water test - is used to differentiate between the unsaturated compounds (like alkenes and alkynes) and the saturated compounds. For this purpose, bromine is used in the form of bromine water. A solution of bromine in water is called bromine water. Bromine water has a red-brown color due to the presence of bromine in it. When bromine water is added to an unsaturated compound, then bromine gets added to the unsaturated compound and the red-brown color of bromine water is discharged. So, if an organic compound decolorizes bromine water, then it will be an unsaturated hydrocarbon (containing a double bond or a triple bond), but saturated hydrocarbon (alkanes) do not decolorize bromine water.
(b) When ethane burns in air (combustion), carbon dioxide and water vapors are formed along with heat and light. 2C2H6 (Ethane ) + 702 (air) 4 CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H20 (water) + 3120 KJ This reaction is an exothermic reaction due to the evolution of heat.
(c) Methane reacts with chlorine in the presence of sunlight to form chloromethane and hydrogen chloride also called photochemical reaction. CH4 (Methane)+ Cl2 (Chlorine) - CH3 CI (Chloromethane)+ HCI (hydrochloric acid) In this reaction one 'H' atom of methane has been substituted (replaced by a 'C' atom, converting CH4 to organic compound chloromethane (CH3CI). Although the reaction does not stop here, all the H atoms can be replaced by chlorine in multiple substitutions. Hence, it is considered a substitution reaction more specifically called free radical substitution or free radical chain reaction.
Answer:
(a) Bromine water test - is used to differentiate between the unsaturated compounds (like alkenes and alkynes) and the saturated compounds. For this purpose, bromine is used in the form of bromine water.
Explanation:
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