Question

Give an account of phylum echinodermata

Answer 1

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General characteristics of Phylum Echinodermata  (Echinos: Spines; derma: Skin)

• Kingdom: Animalia
• Habitat: These are exclusively marine
• Grade of organization: organ system grade
• Germ layer: triploblastic
• Symmetry: Adults are radially symmetrical while the larvae are bilaterally symmetrical.
• Coelom: present ( coelomate)
• Body without segmentation
• The shape of the body is flat, star like, spherical or elongated.
• Head is absent
• Presence of tube feet
• Presence of water vascular system
• Mouth is present on ventral side while anus is present on dorsal side
• Respiration: by papule, gills or clocal respiratory tree
• Nervous system: absent, they are brainless organism.
• Circulatory system: is reduced, heart is absent
• Blood has no pigment.
• Digestive system: complete
• Excretory system: absent
• Sexes: mostly dioecious, rarely monocious
• Sexual reproduction: by gamatic fusion
• Asexual reproduction : regeneration
• Fertilization: external
• Development: indirect with characteristic larvae

Answer 2

Answer:

The phylum Echinodermata has the following features:

1. These are exclusively marine animals.

2. They are triploblastic and coelomate animals.

3. The larvae are bilaterally symmetrical while the adults are radially symmetrical.

4. They have organ system level of body organization.

5. They have spiny body and the endoskeleton is made of calcareous ossicles.

6. They possess water vascular system and tube-feet that help them to move and attach to the substratum.

Example- startfish, sea-urchin etc.