Question

give an account of public health in india about 250 words​

Answer 1

Answer:

The public healthcare system in India evolved due to a number of influences since 1947, including British influence from the colonial period.[ The need for an efficient and effective public health system in India is large. Public health system across nations is a conglomeration of all organized activities that prevent disease, prolong life and promote health and efficiency of its people. Indian healthcare system has been historically dominated by provisioning of medical care and neglected public health.11.9% of all maternal deaths and 18% of all infant mortality in the world occurs in India, ranking it the highest in the world.36.6 out of 1000 children are dead by the time they reach the age of 5. 62% of children are immunized.[6] Communicable disease is the cause of death for 53% of all deaths in India.

Public health initiatives that affect people in all states, such as the National Health Mission, Ayushman Bharat, National Mental Health Program, are instilled by the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. There are multiple systems set up in rural and urban areas of India including Primary Health Centres, Community Health Centres, Sub Centres, and Government Hospitals. These programmes must follow the standards set by Indian Public Health Standards documents that are revised when needed.

Answer 2

Health is defined as the state of well being both physically and mentally.

The health sector in India is mainly driven by the State owned sources and only consists of 1.28% of total GDP expenditure of the country.

The areas which affect the health sector in India are:-

1. Lack of proper infrastructure basis- Infrastruvture plays an important role in sustaining the health of a person. If it is lagging behind, the assurance of proper health checkup cannot be given.
2. Uneven doctor patient ratio- India though having a commendable health care set up, the ratio of doctor to patient is not at all convincing. According to the report, there is only 1 doctor available for 1500 patients in the rural areas and in urban areas, it is 1 per 1100. Ratios are not at alll satisfied with the present scenario.
3. Allocation of fund is minimal- As per the current data, the funds allocated for the healthcare expenditure in India is just 1.28% of the GDP while comparing to other countries like Japan having approx 5-6% of expenditure of GDP.

With the pandemic shaking the world, the reality of healthcare facilities available in India is visible clearly. The following steps can be taken in order to fix the gap between the public health care system :-

• The healthcare expenditure should be prioritised out of the total GDP of the country.
• Schemes like Ayushmaan Bharat and Jan Aarogya Yojana should be implemented with full prioritisation.

• Being the leading producer of Generic Medicine in the world, the self sufficiency in the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients should be maintained, so that the cost of even these medicines can be afforded by the poors.

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