Give an account of structure and funciton of xylem
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Xylem is the specialised tissue of vascular plants that transports water
and nutrients from the plant–soil interface to stems
and leaves, and provides mechanical support and storage. The
water‐conducting function of xylem is one of the major distinguishing
features of vascular plants. Water is the primary solvent for plant
nutrition and metabolism, and is essential for photosynthesis,
turgor and for transport of minerals, hormones and other signalling
molecules. The water‐conducting xylem cells provide an
internal hydrophobic surface facilitating water transport as well as
mechanical strength. The xylem cells also support the
weight of the water transported upward in the plant and the weight of
the plant itself. For many trees, xylem is wood, which
has been an essential raw material for human societies since
antiquity, providing structural material, fuel and fibre. Modification
of xylem by genetic engineering may lead to better energy sources,
improved raw materials and wood products.
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