give an account of the kinetic theory of gases deriving therefrom the laws of Boyle and Charles.how do you distinguish between a real and perfect gas
Answers
Answer:
Learning Objective
Express the five basic assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases.
Key Points
Kinetic Molecular Theory states that gas particles are in constant motion and exhibit perfectly elastic collisions.
Kinetic Molecular Theory can be used to explain both Charles’ and Boyle’s Laws.
The average kinetic energy of a collection of gas particles is directly proportional to absolute temperature only.
Terms
macroscopic propertiesproperties that can be visualized or measured by the naked eye; examples include pressure, temperature, and volume
ideal gasa hypothetical gas whose molecules exhibit no interaction and undergo elastic collision with each other and the walls of the container
Basic Assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory
By the late 19th century, scientists had begun accepting the atomic theory of matter started relating it to individual molecules. The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases comes from observations that scientists made about gases to explain their macroscopic properties. The following are the basic assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory:
The volume occupied by the individual particles of a gas is negligible compared to the volume of the gas itself.
The particles of an ideal gas exert no attractive forces on each other or on their surroundings.
Gas particles are in a constant state of random motion and move in straight lines until they collide with another body.
The collisions exhibited by gas particles are completely elastic; when two molecules collide, total kinetic energy is conserved.
The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to absolute temperature only; this implies that all molecular motion ceases if the temperature is reduced to absolute zero.