Question

Give An Account On Different Periodic Winds.

Answer 1

Periodic winds change their direction periodically with the change in season, e.g., Monsoons, Land and Sea Breezes, Mountain and Valley Breezes.

a. Monsoon Winds:

These winds are seasonal winds and refer to wind systems that have a pronounced, seasonal reversal of direction. According to ‘Flohn’, monsoon is a seasonal modification of general Planetary Wind System.

Summer monsoon is called South Westerly Wind and is characterized by highly variable weather with frequent spells of drought and heavy rains. The winter monsoon is a gentle drift of air in which winds blow from the north-east and is known as North Easterly Wind.

b. Land Breeze:

At night, land masses cool quicker than sea due to rapid radiation which results in high pressure over land and low pressure over sea. And in calm, cloudless weather, air blows from land to sea. This breeze carries no moisture and is little warm and dry.

c. Sea Breeze:

In day time, the land being hotter than the sea develops low air pressure and the sea being cool develops high pressure. The air over land rises and is replaced by a cool breeze known as Sea Breeze from the sea, carrying some moisture.

d. Mountain and Valley Breezes:

A diurnal wind occurs in mountainous regions which are similar to Land and Sea Breezes. During the day the slopes of mountains are hot and air from valley flows up the slopes. This is known as “Valley Breeze”. After sunset the pattern is reversed and cold air slides from mountain to valley and is called “mountain breeze”.

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