Give an example each for the mixture having the following characteristics. Suggest a suitable method to separate the components of these mixtures
(a) A volatile and a non-volatile component.
(b) Two volatile components with appreciable difference in boiling points.
(c ) Two immiscible liquids.
(d) One of the components changes directly from solid to gaseous state.
(e) Two or more coloured constituents soluble in same solvent.
Answers
Answer:
a. nitric acid and sulphuric acid..........can be separated by distillation
b. water and acetone ....... can be separated by fractional distillation
c. water and oil........can be separated by using a separating funnel
d. salt and ammonium chloride.........can be separated by sublimation
e. components of a dye...........can be separated by paper chromatography
Answer:
(a) Example Mixture of acetone and water.
Method Simple distillation can be used to separate a mixture of volatile and non-volatile components.
(b)Example Mixture of kerosene and petrol.
Method Simple distillation can be used to separate two volatile components with appreciable difference in boiling points.
(c) Example Mixture of mustard oil and water.
Method Separating funnel is used to separate a mixture of immiscible liquids.
(d)Example Mixture of ammonium chloride and common salt.
Method Sublimation can be used to separate the mixture in which one component changes directly from solid to gas.
(d)Example A mixture of different pigments from an extract of flower petals.
Method Chromatography method can be used to separate two different substances present in the same solution.