Question

Give an example of body characteristics used to determine how close two species are in
terms of evolution and explain it.​

Answer 1

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Homologous organs help to identify the relationship between organisms. These characteristics in different organisms would be similar because they have inherited from a common ancestor. For example, forelimbs of human and wings of birds show closeness between the two species because the organs have similar basic structural design of limbs though it has been modified to perform different functions.

Answer 2

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SCIENCE

Different organisms with common ancestry in the past, are more likely to have similar characteristics due to inheritance.

These similar characteristics are used to determine evolutionary relationships. Basic structure of Forelimbs in human and birds is one such example of a characteristic which shows closeness of two species in evolutionary terms.

The forelimbs in both the species, have similar bones structure and similar origin, but, over period of time, spanning generations, they have been developed to perform different suitable functions as per the need. Such organs that have similar basic structure but perform different functions are called homologous organs. These are used to find out evolutionary relationships.