Question

Give an example of characteristics being used to determine how close two species are in evolutionary terms.​

Answer 1

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Let us take the example of humans and apes. Both of them have similar body design. Body hair and mammary glands are present in both animals. Hence, these two animals are closely related to the evolutionary term. Now take some common characters between a fish and a man. The vertebral column, brain box and jaws are present in both of them. But fish and man look entirely different from each other. Hence, they are not very closely related in evolutionary term; rather are like distant relatives.

Homologous organ and analogous organ are the characteristics that can be used to find how close two species are in evolutionary terms.

• Homologous organs have similar origin n basic structure but perform different functions in different organisms.
• Analogous organs are different in basic structure but perform the same functions.
• Homologous organs show divergent evolution.
• Analogous organs show convergent evolution. They develop in related organisms.

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Answer 2

Answer:

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Explanation:

Let us take the example of humans and apes. Both of them have similar body design. Body hair and mammary glands are present in both animals. Hence, these two animals are closely related to the evolutionary term. Now take some common characters between a fish and a man. The vertebral column, brain box and jaws are present in both of them. But fish and man look entirely different from each other. Hence, they are not very closely related in evolutionary term; rather are like distant relatives.

Homologous organ and analogous organ are the characteristics that can be used to find how close two species are in evolutionary terms.

Homologous organs have similar origin n basic structure but perform different functions in different organisms.

Analogous organs are different in basic structure but perform the same functions.

Homologous organs show divergent evolution.

Analogous organs show convergent evolution. They develop in related organisms.