Question

give an explanation on the formation of rainbow

Answer 1

A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. It takes the form of a multicoloured circular arc. Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the section of sky directly opposite the sun.

Answer 2

Hola friend!!
Rajdeep here...

Do you know about the terms Dispersion and Spectrum?

Let me define them:

Dispersion: Dispersion is the phenomenon by which a polychromatic light splits up into its constituent colours when it enters a denser medium (prism). Dispersion occurs mainly due to difference in the speeds of light of different colours.

Spectrum: After the polychromatic light splits up, when the colours are obtained on the screen, it is called Spectrum.

Now, after rainfall, the water that has fallen as rain on the ground slowly starts evaporating, absorbing its latent heat from the atmosphere. Hence, the atmosphere becomes humid, with huge amount of water vapour.

Each droplet of water vapour acts as a prism, separating two mediums: Air (in the atmosphere) and Water (the water vapours).

Hence, white light from the sun, when enters into these water vapour prisms from air, it splits up into its seven constituent colours (Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, and Red), and thus rainbow is formed.

Hope my answer is satisfactory!!
Thanks....