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Answers
Q1) Very short answers:
1. Examples of submerged plants include eelgrass, elodea, hydrilla, and pondweed. Aquatic plants that live fully submerged in the water generally share
2. Whale Habitat and Distribution. Whales live only in water, and tend to stay where it is warmer. This is why you will find them along the coasts during the winter months. They migrate to other regions so they can keep their body temperatures high enough.
3. Coniferous trees have thick bark to protect against the cold. They are cone-shaped, with flexible branches which help them to cope with heavy snow fall. Pine cones protect the seeds during the harsh winter.
4. Animals such as human beings, cows and dogs which give birth to young ones are called viviparous animals. Animals such as hen, frog, lizard and butterfly which lay eggs are called oviparous animals.
5. A habitat is the natural home or environment of a plant, animal, or other organism. It provides the organisms that live there with food, water, shelter and space to survive. Habitats consist of both biotic and abiotic factors.
Q2) Short answers:
1. Adaptation is centered on an organism's ability to change its physical and chemical make up to adjust to its habitat. This takes a long time to achieve and usually affects the whole group to which it belongs. Acclimation is a form of adaptation that an organism undergoes when transferred to a different habitat.
2. Adaptations in lions: Lions are adapted to live in grasslands or forests. Their skin colour camouflages with the yellow colour of the grass. This helps them to catch the prey. Also they have strong sense of smell which help them to sense the prey.
3. Aquatic animals also have adaptations to regulate temperature, since water transfers heat faster than air. Lastly, aquatic animals have lots of adaptations for moving in the water, like a streamlined design, flippers, and a swim bladder, which acts like a ballast for the fish.
4. Camouflage, also called cryptic coloration, is a defense or tactic that organisms use to disguise their appearance, usually to blend in with their surroundings. Organisms use camouflage to mask their location, identity, and movement. This allows prey to avoid predators, and for predators to sneak up on prey.
5. The act of inhaling and exhaling air in order to exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide. Respiration is essential for survival of living organisms. It releases energy from the food. The oxygen we inhale is used to breakdown glucose into carbon dioxide and water. Energy is released in the process.
6. (i) Animal that live in the mountain have thick fur because it is cold in the mountains. When you get higher up in elevation, the temperature decreases.
(ii) Fur is a thick growth of hair that covers the skin of many different animals. The guard hair keeps moisture from reaching the skin; the underfur acts as an insulating blanket that keeps the animal warm.
Q3) Long answers:
1. They breathe through nostrils, called a blowhole, located right on top of their heads. This allows them to take breaths by exposing just the top of their heads to the air while they are swimming or resting under the water.
2. Cactus and Camels are able to survive in the desert due to the following features:
(i) Cactus has long roots that go deep inside the soil for absorbing water.
(ii) Cactus leaves are in the form of spines to prevent water loss through transpiration.
(iii) Cactus stem is covered with a thick waxy layer to retain water.
(iv) Camels have large flat feet - to spread their weight on the sand.
(v) Camels have thick fur on the top of the body for shade, and thin fur elsewhere to allow easy heat loss.
3. (i) Frogs that spend more time in water have long, very strong legs.
(ii) They use these legs for jumping and swimming long distances, mostly to escape from predators or catch prey.
(iii) Some frogs also have webbed feet, which is just skin between their toes.
(iv) This also helps them swim faster and longer.