Question

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Answer 1

Preparation of washing soda

Washing soda is synthesized through Solvay’s process. Solvay’s process involves the reaction of sodium chloride, ammonia and carbon dioxide in water. Carbon dioxide involved is produced through calcium carbonate and the calcium oxide left is used in recovering ammonia from ammonium chloride. At first, sodium bicarbonate is obtained which is then converted to sodium carbonate on heating. Finally, washing soda is produced by recrystallization of sodium carbonate.

NaCl + NH3 + CO2 + H2O → NaHCO3 + NH4Cl

2 NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2

Na2CO3 + 10H2O → Na2CO3.10H2O

Preparation of baking soda

Baking soda is synthesized through Solvay’s process. Solvay’s process involves the reaction of sodium chloride, ammonia and carbon dioxide in water. The carbon dioxide involved is produced through calcium carbonate and the calcium oxide left is used in recovering ammonia from ammonium chloride. Finally, sodium bicarbonate is produced as one of the end products.

NaCl + H2O + CO2 + NH3  → NH4Cl + NaHCO3

Preparation of plaster of Paris

Plaster of Paris is synthesized from gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O). When gypsum is heated at 373 K, it loses its water molecules to become calcium sulphate (plaster of Paris).

CaSO4.2H2O → CaSO4.1/2H2O + 3/2H2O

Answer 2

1...naoh is prepared by chlor alkali process

2...pop is prepared by heating to gypsem on temperature of 343k

3..bleaching powder is produced by the action of chlorine on dry slaked lime

4....washing soda is prepsred by heating baking soda..

all the best for your exams