Question

Give any three human diseases caused by microorganisms, the mode of transmission, causative pathogen and preventive measures.

Answer 1

Hey friend,
Here is your answer:

1. CHOLERA:

Caused by : Vibrio cholerae
Mode of transmission:
Water or food contaminated by an infected person; vector(housefly).
Symptoms:
Severe headache, dehydration, vomiting, abdominal pains & collapse.
Prevention:
Vaccination - every 6 months in risk areas.

2. TYPHOID:

Caused by: Salmonella typhii
Mode of transmission:
Water or food contaminated by an infected person or a vector.
Symptoms:
High fever, acute headache, constipation & dry cough.
Prevention:
Anti-typhoid inoculation

3. GASTROENTERITIS:

Caused by: Salmonella sp.
Mode of transmission:
Mainly food borne, through contaminated food and water.
Symptoms:
Affects alimentary canal, can be very brief, involving diarrhoea and vomiting and within hours after an infected meal.
Prevention:
No vaccine
Antibiotics ( tetracyclines )

4. TUBERCULOSIS (TB):

Caused by: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mode of transmission:
Droplet infection; drinking milk from infected cattle.
Symptoms:
Persistent cough, fever, fatigue, weight loss; Sputum may contain blood.
Prevention:
BCG vaccination

Hope it helps u.

Answer 2

disease:

Acinetobacter infections


Pathogen:Acinetobacter baumannii

Transmission: 
Direct contact and may be found on skin or in food, water, or soil. It may also be found in hospitals.

Fever. Red, swollen, warm, or painful skin areas or wounds.

An area of orange, bumpy skin with blisters. Cough, chest pain, or trouble breathing.

Burning feeling while you urinate. Sleepiness, headaches, or a stiff neck.

It may lead to Pneumonia, Blood infection, Meningitis,

Urinary tract infection, Skin or wound infection etc.

Treatment:

Antibiotic medicines, Pain medicine, Antipyretics


Prevention:

Wash hands, Keep wounds covered.



2.       

Disease:

Actinomycosis


Pathogen:

Actinomyces israelii,Actinomyces gerencseriae andPropionibacterium propionicus

Transmission:

Person-to-person via contact of the oral flora.


Incubation period:

From several days to several years

Commonly affects jaw. Also affects the brain, lungs or intestines.

The bacterium is normally present in mouth but it may become pathogenic when a tooth is extracted, causing the slow formation of abscesses and ulcers.

Treatment:

Antibiotics for several months to a year. Surgical drainage or removal of the lesion may be needed.

Prevention:

Good oral hygiene and regular dentist visits prevent some forms of actinomycosis.

3.       

Disease:

Anthrax


Pathogen:

Bacillus anthracis

Transmission:

By contact with farm animal hair, hides or excrement.