Question

Give balanced chemical equation of the preparation of Sulphuric acid by two different methods.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Steps involved in the manufacturing of sulphuric acid are as stated below:

Preparation of sulfur dioxide.

Conversion of sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide.

Conversion of sulfur trioxide formed into concentrated H2SO4.

Sulphuric acid - Contact Process

Step 1: Preparation of sulphur dioxide:

SO2 is prepared by burning sulphur in the presence of excess air so that the product combines with oxygen which is helpful for the next stage.

S(s) + O2 (g) → SO2(g)

Step 2: Preparation of sulphur trioxide:

Sulphur trioxide is formed when sulphur dioxide reacts with oxygen in a ratio of 1:1 at a temperature of 400°C – 450°C and a pressure of 1-2 atm in the presence of V2O5 as a catalyst. This reaction is reversible in nature.

2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g)

Step 3: Preparation of concentrated sulphuric acid:

The sulphur trioxide formed is first made to react with concentrated sulphuric acid. Sulphur trioxide cannot be dissolved in water directly as it leads to the formation of fog. The product obtained after this reaction is known as oleum. The oleum obtained is then dissolved in water to obtain concentrated sulphuric acid.

H2SO4 + SO3(g) → H2S2O7(l)

H2S2O7(l) + H2O(l) → 2H2SO4

Uses of Sulphuric Acid

In Industries:

Up to 50 per cent of this liquid manufactured is used in the production of phosphoric acid which is in turn used to make phosphate fertilizers.

It is used in the manufacturing of metals such as copper, zinc etc.

5 per cent of the produced acid is used in the making of fibres.