Question

give details of regional variations in kinship system in India​

Answer 1

Answer:

Regional Variations in Kinship System and Its Socio-Cultural Correlates in India! ... Kinship is defined as “a social relationship based upon family relatedness”. The relationship which may be consanguineal (based on blood) or affinal (based on marriage), determines the rights and obligations of related persons.

Answer 2

Kinship is defined as “a social relationship" based upon "family relatedness”.

Explanation:

In Northern and Central India there are different kinship characteristics than in Southern India. Language, caste and (plain, hilly) region are the socio-cultural correlates of the kinship system. Despite these 3 factors affecting relationships, the Kinship organization can be talked about on some collective bases, for instance, on zonal  & caste grounds.

Important features of Kinship in Norther India

• All of the children in ascending & descending  generations are equated with one's brothers & sisters and all children in a sibling group are equated again with their children.
• The concept of unity is upheld in generations (for instance, grandfather and grandparents are revered in the same way as father). The aged and younger children are held distinct in the same generation. Members of three generations are tightly regulated in their roles and behaviour.
• Close kin marriage is not allowed. After marriage, the girl should not be free with her "parents-in-laws" but she gets respect & power and her restraints are greatly reduced when she becomes a mother.
• The family is organized in such a way that children, grandparents and parents live either together or  "social kinship obligations" towards them are met.

The important features of kinship in Central India

• Each region has marriage practices in Northern India; "consanguinity", in other words, is the principal consideration governing marriage. There are many castes divided into "exogamous clans". Theses clans are arranged in "hypergamous hierarchy" amongst some castes.
• The terminology of the kinship shows a close relationship & intimacy between different kin. The relationship between the family is governed by the custom of "neota gifts" whereby cash made are made to equal cash received. The neota register is kept and maintained for generations
• The Kinship system in Madhya Pradesh &  Rajasthan differs slightly from that of the Hindus caste. There are differences with regard to terminology of  kinship, marriage rules, clan obligations, & inheritance.
• Gujarat's custom of regular marriages has resulted in child marriages & unequal marriages. Even today, such marriages occur. In Maharashtra, there are the influence of modern & southern areas in kinship relations
• For example, Although the family system of Maharashtra is patrilocal & patrilineal, but it doesn't work like in the north. After a ""gauna a wife resides with her husband and seldom goes to the house of their father in castes such as Marathas. However, it is difficult to take her back to her husband's home once she goes to her father's house. This demonstrates the South 's impact in relationships with kin
• Although kinship terms are mainly northern, some terms have been borrowed from the "Dravidians" in the south; the term "anna" & "nana" for brother, for instance, is used with the term "dada". Likewise, sisters will use the term akka, tai and may.

The important features of kinship in Southern India are:

• The area in the south has a complex kinship pattern. While patrilineal and patrilocal families are the dominant family type in the larger number of castes & communities, there are important population groups that are matrilocal & matrilineal (Kerala Nayars), and also several castes that have matrilineal & patrilineal (Tribal Todas) organizations
• Lack of fellowship between married couple and the absence of father and child proximity. Women are totally independent of their livelihoods; they don't share their husband's earnings. Many families in the South vary from the families in the North.
• For example, Amongst the Malabar Nairs in Travancore & some other communities is the "matrilineal joint family", called "Tarwad". Tarwad 's property is the property of all its males & females. Unmarried children belong to the tarward mother, but married sons belong to the Tarwad of their wife.
• A individual from one clan, but his own, can seek a spouse from any outside clan.⠀ Marriage is not permissible between maternal cousins, that is, between children of two sisters. Sorororate marriage is practiced (that is, marriage to the younger sister of a wife). Two sisters in one family can also marry two brothers).
• Instead of the ideals of generational divides in the north, marriage is based on temporal aging differences. Marriage and kinship in the south is not organized in order to extend a kin community, but each marriage strengthens established relationships
• Therefore, marriage in the South does not represent a girl's distance from the house of father. In her in-laws house a girl moves freely.